应v版要求对以上问题进行了整理，并且新增了2个question,大家看看，希望Q3红字部分再整理整理，达到思路清明，因为我有点不明白。
Q1 In theory, iPS cells can be induced to artificial eggs and sperm, these both germ cells will possiblly combine and produce alive embryos /babies. then If iPS cell study will trigger a huge ethical concern again like human cloning?
Q2 Among those key factors, such as transcriptional factors, miRNA and ubiquitination asociatied enzyme ,which one do you think play the leading role during the differentiaiton process of adult stem cells?
Q3. About iPS cell origination:
Even with c-Myc、Oct4、sox2 and Klf4 , the iPS efficiency is less than 1%, in the fibroblasts or hepatocytes. There may be a group of cells responsing better than others, and these cells are selected by introducing the Four Factors. In another word, "Yamanaka's Factors" can not reprogram all cells into a pluripotent state.
So, do you think that this unique group of cells really exist? How can we define these cells, by specific makers, by epigenetics, or by others?
Fibroblasts and hepatocytes have limited ability to proliferate. In Yamanaka's paper about iPS protocols, it was also emphasized that Passage 3 Fibroblast cells is much better than P5, and liver is well known in all tissues as a powerful regenerative organs. However, there are several types of cells that can not proliferate, e.g., neurons, myocytes, muscle cells et al.. Does your group or some others have tried to induce these cells to iPS cells?
Which is the main point, do you think, distinguishing neurons from fibroblasts, the cell phenotype, the protein expression, or the chromatin modification and epigenetics?
Q4 . About mouse ES cells, Epiblast Stem cells and EG cells,
These cells are all generated from embryos, with ES cells from the ICM ( or epiblast) , Epiblast Stem cells from epiblast, and EG cells from PGCs. They are termed as ES cells or EG cells or Epiblast Stem cells only because of their origination and the culture conditions. All three groups of cells express the same pluripotent markers, have similar pluripotency though some differentiation differences do exist. However, the epigenetic modifications are far different from each other. So, as far as you know, what's the relationship among the three groups of cells? Do they have the mother to daughter relationship? Or they are just the same, or nothing related?
And another question, what do you think about Epigenetic Studies in Stem Cells research? Can epigenetics be good criteria to define the property of different cell types?
Q5. About one cell experiment.
In your lecture, we were strongly impressed by your “single cell technology” which we had mentioned after class, and you made a short talk about. But we still remained unclear in many aspects. Would you like to introduce something detailed about it? What’s more, do you think it’s applicable in iPS research or tumor stem cell research?
Q6. About stem cell research training
You had also mention that, in USA, research beginner majored in stem cell will accept a systematic training on research knowledge and technology before they set up their own research system. But in China, most of the graduates in this field, like me, except for those in stem cell research center, have no such kind of chance. So, would you like to introduce something about your training on graduates? What are the most important and essential experiment techniques and what kind of book will you recommend to your students?
[ 本帖最后由 jfzeng 于 2008-3-13 00:16 编辑 ]
